forked from zbw/yiliao2026
157 lines
8.0 KiB
Python
157 lines
8.0 KiB
Python
# ============================================================================
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# gc_nav2_with_amcl.launch.py
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# 功能:基于 AMCL(自适应蒙特卡洛定位)的导航启动文件
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#
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# 架构:
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# Gazebo 仿真环境
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# ├── robot_state_publisher — 发布机器人 TF 树(URDF 模型)
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# └── nav2_bringup_launch — Nav2 一体化启动(包含以下子模块):
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# ├── map_server — 加载 my_map.yaml,发布全量静态地图到 /map
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# ├── AMCL — 粒子滤波定位,发布 map→odom TF
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# │ 需要手动设置 /initialpose 初始位姿
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# ├── planner_server — 全局/局部路径规划器(SmacHybrid)
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# ├── controller_server — 路径跟踪控制器(MPPI Ackermann)
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# ├── behavior_server — 恢复行为服务器(spin/backup/wait)
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# └── bt_navigator — 行为树导航编排器
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#
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# 与 SLAM 定位方案的区别:
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# AMCL: 粒子滤波定位,需要手动设置初始位姿,地图固定不更新
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# SLAM定位: 激光扫描匹配定位,自动定位,可加载 .posegraph 序列化地图
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# ============================================================================
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import os
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from ament_index_python.packages import get_package_share_directory
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from launch import LaunchDescription
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from launch.actions import IncludeLaunchDescription, DeclareLaunchArgument, TimerAction
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from launch.launch_description_sources import PythonLaunchDescriptionSource
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from launch.substitutions import LaunchConfiguration
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from launch_ros.actions import Node
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from launch_ros.parameter_descriptions import ParameterValue
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from launch.substitutions import Command
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from launch.actions import ExecuteProcess
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def generate_launch_description():
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"""生成 LaunchDescription,启动 Gazebo + AMCL定位 + Nav2 导航"""
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ld = LaunchDescription()
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# =============================1.定位到包的地址=============================================================
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# 通过 ament_index 获取各功能包的安装路径
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gc_navigation_fish_dir = get_package_share_directory(
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'gc_navigation2_slamtoolbox')
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nav2_bringup_dir = get_package_share_directory('nav2_bringup')
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origincar_urdf_dir = get_package_share_directory(
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'origincar_description')
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# =============================2.声明参数,获取配置文件路径===================================================
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# use_sim_time: 仿真时间开关。Gazebo 下必须为 True,
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# 因为仿真环境通过 /clock 话题提供时间,而非系统时间
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use_sim_time = LaunchConfiguration('use_sim_time', default='true')
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# map_yaml_path: 全量静态地图 yaml 文件路径
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# 传给 bringup_launch → map_server 加载并发布到 /map
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map_yaml_path = LaunchConfiguration('map', default=os.path.join(
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gc_navigation_fish_dir, 'maps', 'my_map.yaml'))
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# nav2_param_path: Nav2 导航栈参数文件(含 AMCL 粒子滤波配置)
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# 注意:此处用 gc_navigation_amcl.yaml,包含 AMCL 参数(粒子数、运动模型等)
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# SLAM 方案则用 gc_navigation_slam.yaml(不含 AMCL)
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nav2_param_path = LaunchConfiguration('params_file', default=os.path.join(
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gc_navigation_fish_dir, 'params', 'gc_navigation_amcl.yaml'))
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# =============================3.声明启动launch文件==========================================================
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# bringup_launch.py 是 Nav2 的一体化启动入口,内部自动处理:
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# 1. 声明所有 launch 参数(map, slam, use_sim_time, params_file 等)
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# 2. 根据 slam 参数决定启动模式:
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# slam=False(默认)→ localization_launch(map_server + AMCL)
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# slam=True → slam_launch(slam_toolbox 在线建图)
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# 3. 启动 navigation_launch(planner + controller + behavior + bt_navigator)
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# 4. 通过 RewrittenYaml 实现参数文件中的变量替换
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#
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# 传入参数:
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# map: 地图 yaml 文件路径(map_server 加载,AMCL 定位)
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# use_sim_time: 仿真时间模式(Gazebo 下必须为 true)
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# params_file: Nav2 全部节点的参数配置
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nav2_bringup_launch = IncludeLaunchDescription(
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PythonLaunchDescriptionSource(
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[nav2_bringup_dir, '/launch', '/bringup_launch.py']),
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launch_arguments={
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'map': map_yaml_path,
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'use_sim_time': use_sim_time,
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'params_file': nav2_param_path}.items(),
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)
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# =============================4.Gazebo仿真设置==========================================================
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# robot_name_in_model: Gazebo 中机器人的模型名称,需与 URDF 中一致
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robot_name_in_model = 'mycar'
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# default_model_path: 机器人 URDF 模型文件路径
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# 使用 xacro 宏展开生成最终的 URDF
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default_model_path = os.path.join(
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origincar_urdf_dir, "urdf", "origincar.urdf")
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# 声明 model 启动参数,支持命令行覆盖:ros2 launch ... model:=/path/to/custom.urdf
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model = DeclareLaunchArgument(
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name="model", default_value=default_model_path)
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# Gazebo 仿真世界文件路径
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gazebo_world_path = os.path.join(origincar_urdf_dir, 'world/test.world')
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# 启动 Gazebo 仿真器进程
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# --verbose: 输出详细日志
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# -s libgazebo_ros_init.so: 加载 ROS ↔ Gazebo 通信初始化插件
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# -s libgazebo_ros_factory.so: 加载模型生成(spawn_entity)插件
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start_gazebo_cmd = ExecuteProcess(
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cmd=['gazebo', '--verbose', '-s', 'libgazebo_ros_init.so',
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'-s', 'libgazebo_ros_factory.so', gazebo_world_path],
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output='screen')
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# 在 Gazebo 世界中生成机器人模型
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# -entity: 模型在 Gazebo 中的实例名(mycar)
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# -file: 要加载的 URDF 模型文件
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# 生成后 Gazebo 会为模型创建对应的关节状态话题等
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spawn_entity_cmd = Node(
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package='gazebo_ros',
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executable='spawn_entity.py',
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arguments=['-entity', robot_name_in_model,
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'-file', default_model_path],
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output='screen'
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)
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# robot_description: 将 XACRO/URDF 模型字符串设为 ROS 参数
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# robot_state_publisher 读取此参数发布各连杆的 TF 坐标变换
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robot_description = ParameterValue(
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Command(["xacro ", LaunchConfiguration("model")]), value_type=str)
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# robot_state_publisher: 发布机器人各关节、连杆的 TF 变换
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# - 订阅 joint_states 话题获取关节角度
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# - 根据 URDF 模型计算 base_link → laser_link, wheel_link 等变换
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# - publish_frequency=30Hz 确保 TF 更新平滑
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# - use_sim_time=True 使用 /clock 仿真时间
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robot_state_publisher = Node(
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package="robot_state_publisher",
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executable="robot_state_publisher",
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parameters=[{"robot_description": robot_description,
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'use_sim_time': True, 'publish_frequency': 30.0}]
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)
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# joint_state_publisher: 发布非固定关节的默认状态
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# 如果 Gazebo 已经发布 joint_states,此节点可以注释掉避免冲突
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# joint_state_publisher = Node(
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# package="joint_state_publisher",
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# executable="joint_state_publisher"
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# )
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# =============================5.将所有 Action 添加到 LaunchDescription ==================================
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# 注意:nav2_bringup_launch 必须在 Gazebo 启动之后,
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# 否则会出现 /clock 话题未就绪的问题
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# 可通过 TimerAction 添加延迟,或依赖 launch 系统的自动排序
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ld.add_action(model) # 1. 声明模型路径参数
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ld.add_action(nav2_bringup_launch) # 2. 启动 Nav2 一体化(map_server + AMCL + 导航)
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ld.add_action(start_gazebo_cmd) # 3. 启动 Gazebo 仿真器
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ld.add_action(spawn_entity_cmd) # 4. 在 Gazebo 中生成机器人
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ld.add_action(robot_state_publisher) # 5. 发布机器人 TF 树
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# ld.add_action(joint_state_publisher) # 6. (可选) 默认关节状态发布
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return ld
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